The New York Times is reporting on a large study in the British Medical Journalof almost 90,000 women aged 40 to 59 years randomly assigned to two groups, one with annual mammography screening and one with annual physical breast examinations. The mortality from breast cancer was the same in both groups, but there was more overdiagnosis of small cancers that were likely not to spread in the mammography group, leading to overtreatment with surgery, radiation, and/or chemotherapy. There are an estimated 37 million annual mammographies performed in the United States. This study is leading experts to question the value of routine mammography in women.